Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) obtained through green syntheses are gaining remarkable interest
in water treatment due to their excellent chemical, physical, and biological properties. Ag-NPs were
synthesized using three plant extracts: Carica papaya, Vernonia amygdalina, and Perilla
frustescens var as reducing agent, and 6 mM of silver nitrate as precursor. The extracts
demonstrated a good potential to reduce Ag(+1) to Ag(0) for Ag-NPs synthesis. Characterization of
synthesized Ag-NPs was achieved through UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
analysis, X-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and zeta potential. The Surface Plasmon Resonance
(SPR) was between 410 and 440 nm. The optical microscopy confirmed the presence of
nanoparticles (NP) and an aggregate of NP. The synthesized NPs had a crystalline structure,
confirmed by the XRD spectra. The average surface charge of NPs was negative (< -10 mV),
indicating a potential for aggregation of the three NPs, as confirmed by the particle size distribution.
Their antibacterial activities against E. coli and Streptococci were analyzed in urban wastewater.
They exhibited good antibacterial properties, with BNPs being most effective at inhibiting both
bacteria, followed by PNP and VNP. This reveals that NPs produced from different plants have
different yields, properties, and antibacterial activities, and, most especially, can be used in water
and wastewater treatment..
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